UDP sample socket code for Systems and Network software developers

Here is my sample UDP socket code written in C. Unlike other versions you get commonly on-line this version is focused towards systems and network software developers and as a quick reference even for experienced software programmers. In this example/template, I am sending test raw binary data bytes from UDP sample client to registered UDP sample server. The code has documentation already in the form of comments (as you can see below). You can download my source below and you can use it directly in your projects or you can use the same for learning purposes to understand about user-space socket programming via IPv4 UDP transport layer protocol.

UDP is very unique, versatile and flexible unlike TCP, hence this can be used as internal device IPC mechanism instead using more traditional platforms such as message queues, pipes, etc. Unlike other IPC mechanisms, this provides a transparent fool-proof way to debug your software via Wireshark packet capture and allows you to fix the issues by going through the raw binary packet capture data.

UDP as a future high-speed network communication platform: UDP is also experimented to be used as a high-speed communication career protocol unlike TCP. TCP restricts advance Network software architects to use TCP provided congestion control, out-of-order packet sequence, features. But UDP provides a raw access to the network, so that advance users can architect these utilities in the user-space, application layer protocol(s). For example for the same obvious reasons Google invented QUIC protocol, which uses UDP as its career protocol in Google’s Chrome browser instead TCP based HTTPS/SSL protocol. QUIC has its own user-space application layer reliability layer which ensures situations like packet loss, security, congestion control and so on. And with QUIC Google can also multiplex multiple remote connections/sessions into one communication channel there by improving network performance and user experience.

Here is my very detailed live demo video of the same, if you are interested kindly watch my video so that you can get the full bigger perspective. I have also discussed all the above points in-depth.

Here is my source-code of my test UDP socket client.

/* udp_socket_client.c
 * The Linux Channel
 * Author: Kiran Kankipati
 * Updated: 01-Feb-2017
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define MAXBUF 1024

int main()
{ int sockfd, len, i;
  unsigned char buf[MAXBUF];
  struct sockaddr_in udp_server_addr;
  socklen_t addr_size;

  sockfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); // create a UDP socket
  if(sockfd<=0) { printf("socket error !\n"); return 0; }

  /* configure settings to communicate with remote UDP server */
  udp_server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  udp_server_addr.sin_port = htons(6800); // server port
  udp_server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); // local-host
  memset(udp_server_addr.sin_zero, '\0', sizeof udp_server_addr.sin_zero);  
  addr_size = sizeof udp_server_addr;

  memset(buf, 0xab, MAXBUF); // set the entire buffer with 0xab (i.e 1010 1011 binary)

  sendto(sockfd, buf, MAXBUF, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&udp_server_addr, addr_size); //send the data to server
  
  len = recvfrom(sockfd, buf, MAXBUF, 0, NULL, NULL); // receive data from server
  
  printf("Received from server: %d bytes\n", len); for(i=0;i<len;i++) { printf("%02x ", buf[i]); } printf("\n"); //print received data dump

  close(sockfd); //close socket file-descriptor
  
  return 0;
}

Compile the udp_socket_client.c:

kiran@WD-1TB2:/code/thelinuxchannel/udp_socket$ gcc -o udp_socket_client udp_socket_client.c
kiran@WD-1TB2:/code/thelinuxchannel/udp_socket$

Here is my source-code of my test UDP socket server.

/* udp_socket_server.c
 * The Linux Channel
 * Author: Kiran Kankipati
 * Updated: 01-Feb-2017
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define MAXBUF 1024

int main()
{ int sockfd, len, i;
  unsigned char buf[MAXBUF];
  struct sockaddr_in udp_server_addr;
  struct sockaddr_in udp_client_addr;
  struct sockaddr_storage server_storage;
  socklen_t addr_size, client_addr_size;

  sockfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); // create a UDP socket
  if(sockfd<=0) { printf("socket error !\n"); return 0; }

  /* configure settings to register UDP server */
  udp_server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  udp_server_addr.sin_port = htons(6800); // server port
  udp_server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); // local-host
  memset(udp_server_addr.sin_zero, '\0', sizeof udp_server_addr.sin_zero);  
  bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &udp_server_addr, sizeof(udp_server_addr)); // bind the socket
  addr_size = sizeof server_storage;
  
  len = recvfrom(sockfd, buf, MAXBUF, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&server_storage, &addr_size); //receive data from client 
  
  printf("Received from server: %d bytes\n", len); for(i=0;i<len;i++) { printf("%02x ", buf[i]); } printf("\n"); //print received data dump
	
  memset(buf, 0xcd, MAXBUF); // set the entire buffer with 0xcd (i.e 1100 1101 binary)

  sendto(sockfd, buf, MAXBUF, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&server_storage, addr_size); //send the data to client

  return 0;
}

Compile the udp_socket_server.c:

kiran@WD-1TB2:/code/thelinuxchannel/udp_socket$ gcc -o udp_socket_server udp_socket_server.c
kiran@WD-1TB2:/code/thelinuxchannel/udp_socket$

Execute the binaries:

kiran@WD-1TB2:/code/thelinuxchannel/udp_socket$ ls
udp_socket_client  udp_socket_client.c  udp_socket_server  udp_socket_server.c
kiran@WD-1TB2:/code/thelinuxchannel/udp_socket$

First execute the udp_socket_server in one terminal so that it registers and listens on the port 6800 as shown below:

Now on a different terminal check the status of the UDP server registration via netstat -l command:

Before executing the UDP client, open Wireshark and capture the local loopback port lo as shown below:

Execute the UDP socket client on a different terminal as shown below. You can see as soon as it gets executed, it sends the test data to the UDP socket server and receives the test data from the server.

Here is the screenshot of the UDP socket server execution terminal. UDP socket server receives the test data from client prints the same on the screen (as shown below) and quickly responds to the client by sending its own test data dump.

In the Wireshark packet capture you can see these packets, analyse and confirm the same. Below is the Wireshark packet capture of UDP packet from client to server:

And here is the Wireshark packet capture of UDP packet from server to client:

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Download my UDP socket complete sample code (discussed above) which I hosted in my GitHub Repo.

If you have any queries or anything to discuss further on Linux Kernel Programming and writing Kernel modules kindly feel free to contact me.